Earth Day Network
 Urban Environment Report: How Does Your City Perform?
 
CITY ENVIRONMENT DATA
Cleveland, Ohio
State Ohio
City Cleveland
County1 Cuyahoga
City Population (2005)2 414,534 3.7% of state population
City Population Rank in United States, largest 50 Cities (2005) 40 (of top 50 in U.S.)
City Population Rank in Urban Environment Report (2005) 40 (of 72 in EDN study)
City Population Rank in State (2005) 2
City Size Classification - Population Mid
City Size Classification - Population Density Medium High Density
State Capitol City Columbus
State Population (2005)2 11,155,606
 
 
CIVIC LEADERSHIP INFORMATION
Mayor Name (as of 1/1/2007) Frank G. Jackson
Mayor/City Website (as of 1/1/2007) http://www.city.cleveland.oh.us/mayor/mayorind.html
Mayor/City Contact (as of 1/1/2007) 216-664-3990
Mayor Political Affiliation (as of 1/1/2007) Democrat
Next General Mayoral Election Tuesday, November 3, 2009
US Mayors Climate Protection Agreement as of 10/18/06  Yes
State Governor Name Ted Strickland
State/Governor Website http://www.state.oh.us/
State/Governor Contact Information 614-466-3555
State/Governor Party Affiliation Democrat
State Governor Current Term Ends January 1, 2011
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Note: All rank information is out of 72 cities, though not all may have reported in every category.
1 is the 'best' (least polluting, most tree cover, etc) and 72 is the 'worst'.
 

(1 is best, 5 is worst) (1 is best, 72 is worst)
Detail Information Data City Rank State Rank
 
EDN VULNERABLE POPULATION INDEX (EDN VPI) 1.51    
Vulnerable Population Estimate 22.5%    
     Disability Status 21.6% 63  
     Emphysema 1.43% 71  
     Cardiovascular Disease 27.36% 70  
     Diabetes 5.85% 70  
     Pediatric Asthma 8.51% 44  
     Adult Asthma 8.70% 47  
     Adult Obesity 21.8%   36
     People Without Health Insurance 11.9%   16
     Age: Children under 5 years 7.1% 27  
     Age: 65 years and over 11.3% 45  
     Not Literate (Adult Level 1 Literacy) 38.0% 64  
     Adults without High School Degree (or higher) 23.5% 15  
     High School Drop-Out Rate 70.0% 1  
     Unemployed (Civilian Labor Force) 17.1% 66  
     Individuals Below Poverty 23.2% 58  
     Children (under 18 years old) Below Poverty 37.6% 68  
     Free or Reduced Lunch 75.7% 59  
     Other Languages Spoken at Home (primary language is not English) 12.1% 27  
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(1 is best, 5 is worst) (1 is best, 72 is worst)
Detail Information Data City Rank State Rank
1 • TOXICS & WASTE     (metadata) (score) 3.5    
Overall Toxics Rank Average 37.6 (of 51) 51  
Cumulative Cancer-Causing Chemical Releases by State (pounds, 1987 - 2000) 140,798,650 pounds   46
Cumulative Developmental Toxicant Releases by State (pounds, 1987 - 2000) 148,177,649 pounds 41
Cumulative Reproductive Toxicant Releases by State (pounds, 1987 - 2000) 30,085,383 pounds 44
Cumulative Suspected Neurological Toxicant Releases by State (pounds, 1987 - 2000) 1,209,136,904 pounds 48
Cumulative Suspected Respiratory Toxicant Releases by State (pounds, 1987 - 2000) 1,325,956,622 pounds 50
Dioxin Releases by State (grams in 2000) 56.2 grams 33
Number of Superfund Sites in County 0 sites 1  
Municipal Solid Waste Generation, tons per person (1997) 1.006 tons per person 25
Recycling Rate (1997) 19.0% 36
Tons Municipal Solid Waste Generated by State (2004) 15,927,546 tons 45
Municipal Solid Waste Generated Per Capita by State, tons/person (2004) 1.4 tons/person 32
Tons Municipal Solid Waste Recycled by State (2004) 4,208,014 tons 8
% Municipal Solid Waste Recycled by State (2004) 26.4% 18
% Municipal Solid Waste to Waste-to-Energy (2004) 0.0% 36
% Change in Municipal Solid Waste Generated (1997 to 2004) 39.2% 32
% Change in State Recycling Rate (1997 to 2004) 38.9% 5
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(1 is best, 5 is worst) (1 is best, 72 is worst)
Detail Information Data City Rank State Rank
2 • AIR QUALITY     (metadata) (score) 4.3    
Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Released, Tons in 2002 1,132,100 tons   48
Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Released, Tons in 2002 368,700 tons   48
Carbon Dioxide (CO2) Released, Tons in 2002 134,790,200 tons   47
Mercury Released, Pounds in 2002 7,970.0 pounds   46
High Ozone Days (annual # of, Weighted Average) (2001-2003) 12.3 days 49  
Short-term Particle Pollution Weighted Average, 24 Hour (2001 - 2003) 17.7 PM2.5 67  
Year-Round Particle Pollution - Design Value (Annual PM2.5) (2001 - 2003) 18.3 PM2.5 59  
High Ozone Days (annual # of, Weighted Average) (2002 - 2004) 10.8 days 50  
Short-term Particle Pollution Weighted Average, 24 Hour (2002 - 2004) 12.0 PM2.5 64  
Year-Round Particle Pollution - Design Value (Annual PM2.5) (2002 - 2004) 17.6 PM2.5 59  
EPA Ambient Carbon Monoxide (CO) (8-hr ppm) 3 ppm 16  
EPA Ambient Lead (PB) Q Max (ug/m3) 0.36 ug/m3 26  
EPA Mean Ambient Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2 ppm) 0.022 ppm 43  
EPA Larger Particle (PM10) 24-hr (ug/m3) 36 ug/m3 48  
EPA Mean Ambient Sulfur Dioxide (SO2 ppm) 0.010 ppm 50  
EPA Days over 100 AQI (Warning Level) 19 days 39  
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(1 is best, 5 is worst) (1 is best, 72 is worst)
Detail Information Data City Rank State Rank
3 • DRINKING & SURFACE WATER     (metadata) (score)    2.1***    
DRINKING WATER QUALITY
Tap Water Quality & Compliance Grade (Not Available) ---  
Right to Know Report, What's in your Tap Water Grade (Not Available) ---  
Drinking Water Source Protection Grade (Not Available) ---  
WATERSHED & RESOURCES
Watershed Name Cuyahoga ---  
# of Units in Watershed 14 units 52  
# of Assessed Watershed Units 14 units 45  
# of Threatened & Impaired Watershed Units 7 units 17  
% of Watershed Units Assessed as Impaired or Threatened 50.0% 14  
% of Watershed Units Not Assessed 0.0% 1  
U.S. Census Annual Rainfall, inches (1961-1990) 36.63 inches 33  
Water Area Total, square miles 3,875 square miles 18  
Water Area Inland, square miles 376 square miles 55  
Water Area Coastal, square miles 0 square miles 35  
Water Area Great Lakes, square miles 3,499 square miles 4  
Average # of Days with Precipitation of .01 Inch or More to 1998, Station Cleveland ---  
Average # of Days with Precipitation of .01 Inch or More to 1998, Length of record in years 57 years 27  
Average # of Days with Precipitation of .01 Inch or More to 1998, Annual 155 days 2  
Snow & Ice Pellets (thru 1998), Station Cleveland ---  
Snow & Ice Pellets (thru 1998), Length of record in years 57 years 24  
Snow & Ice Pellets, Annual inches (thru 1998) 55.8 inches 8  
WATER WITHDRAWN
Water Withdrawn - Total, gallons/day 10,500,000,000 gallons/day 24  
Fresh Water Withdrawn - Per capita, gallons/day 944,000,000 gallons/day 51  
Ground water, gallons/day 905,000,000 gallons/day 37  
Surface water, gallons/day 9,620,000,000 gallons/day 26  
Irrigation, gallons/day 27,000,000 gallons/day 59  
Public Supply, gallons/day 1,560,000,000 gallons/day 21  
Industrial, gallons/day 650,000,000 gallons/day 27  
Thermo-Electric, gallons/day 8,190,000,000 gallons/day 23  
Fresh Water Consumption, gallons/day 791,000,000 gallons/day 38  
WATER POLLUTION
Water Supplier Cleveland Public Water System ---  
Number of People Served by Water Supplier 1,500,000 people 9  
Year(s) Included in Summary 2000-2003 ---  
Total Contaminants Detected 19 contaminants 46  
Contaminants Detected, Over Health Based Limits 4 contaminants 40  
Agricultural Pollutants Detected 3 contaminants 26  
Agricultural Pollutants Detected, Over Health Based Limits 1 contaminant 52  
Sprawl and Urban Pollutants Detected 3 contaminants 21  
Sprawl and Urban Pollutants Detected, Over Health Based Limits 0 contaminants 1  
Industrial Pollutants Detected 7 contaminants 26  
Industrial Pollutants Detected, Over Health Based Limits 1 contaminant 29  
Water Treatment & Distribution By-Products Detected 11 contaminants 55  
Water Treatment & Distribution By-Products Detected, Over Health Based Limits 4 contaminants 39  
Naturally Occurring Contaminants Detected 6 contaminants 32  
Naturally Occurring Contaminants Detected, Over Health Based Limits 0 contaminants 1  
WATER HEALTH & TESTING SUMMARY
Contaminants in Tap Water 19 contaminants 46  
Contaminants in Tap Water, Over Health Based Limits 4 contaminants 40  
Contaminants Reported as Tested by this Water Supplier 123 contaminants 26  
Contaminants with Federal Legal Limit in Tap Water 73 contaminants ---  
Regulated Contaminants Tested 107 contaminants 25  
Unregulated Contaminants Tested 16 contaminants 31  
WATER VIOLATION SUMMARY
Total Violations 7 violations 68  
Health Violations 0 violations 1  
Monitoring Violations 7 violations 68  
Reporting Violations 0 violations 1  
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(1 is best, 5 is worst) (1 is best, 72 is worst)
Detail Information Data City Rank State Rank
4 • QUALITY OF LIFE (SITES4)     (metadata) (score) 3.3    
DENSITY & SPRAWL
Population Density, people per square mile of land area 6,166.5 people per square mile 20  
Housing Density, units per square mile of land area 2,782.4 housing units per square mile 18  
TRANSPORTATION
Mean Travel Time to Work, minutes (2000) 25.8 minutes 52  
Mean Travel Time to Work, minutes (2004) 21.2 minutes 28  
Means of Transportation - % Carpool (2000) 13.5% 33  
Means of Transportation - % Public (2000) 12.0% 15  
Means of Transportation - % Walk or Bike (2000) 4.0% 25  
Means of Transportation - % Work @ Home (2000) 1.6% 68  
Cost of Living: Transportation, % of National Average 105.4 41  
Motor Vehicle Registrations per 100 Residents (2003) 94.4 MV registrations   43
% Change in Motor Vehicle Registrations (1980 to 2003) 35.6%   18
Motor Vehicle Registrations - Autos Only per 100 Residents (2003) 58.4 MV registrations   48
Motor Vehicle Registrations per Licensed Driver (2003) 1.38 MV registrations   44
Total State Highway Mileage (2003) 123,522 miles   45
Total State Highway Mileage, Estimated % of Land Area (2003) 0.685%   45
Urban Highway Mileage, % of Total State Highway Mileage (2003) 35.0%   12
Total Highway Mileage per Licensed Driver (2003) 0.02 miles   15
Total Highway Mileage per Motor Vehicle Registration (2003) 11.72 miles   13
State $ Disbursements for Highways (2003) $3,660,000,000   44
State $ Disbursements for Highways, per highway mile (2003) $29,630 per mile   34
% Change in State Disbursements for Highways (1995 to 2003) 38.8%   10
Annual Person Hours of Delay, per person (2003) 6.0 hours per person 1  
Annual Congestion Cost, $ per person (2003) $97 per person 1  
Annual Congestion Delay and Fuel Cost (2003) $182,000,000 10  
Fuel Wasted, gallons per person (2003) 4 gallons per person 1  
INCOME & EMPLOYMENT
Median Household Income (2004) $27,688 68  
Median Household Income (2000) $25,928 71  
Per capita income (2004) $15,493 70  
Per capita Personal Income (2000) $14,291 71  
% of Families Below Poverty Level (2004) 20.6% 61  
% of Individuals Below Poverty Level (1999) 26.3% 68  
% of Individuals Below Poverty Level (2004) 23.2% 58  
% of Households with Public Assistance Income (2000) 11.2% 70  
% of Children Under 18 Years Old Below Poverty Level (1999) 37.6% 68  
People In the Labor Force, Unemployed (2005) 32,507 people 52  
% In the Labor Force: Unemployed (2005) 10.5% 66  
% of the Civilian Labor Force: Unemployed (2005) 17.1% 66  
% In the Labor Force: Unemployed (2000) 6.4% 66  
% of the Civilian Labor Force Unemployed (2000) 11.2% 67  
% Change in the Labor Force Unemployed (2000 to 2005) 38.8% 62  
% Change in the Civilian Labor Force Unemployed (2000 to 2005) 34.5% 58  
State Minimum Wage Laws (2006) Same as Federal ---  
State Minimum Wage Rates (2006) $5.15 per hour 28  
EDUCATION
# of School Age Kids K-12 (ages 5 to 17) 121,041 kids (1.1% of total pop.) 16  
Largest School District Enrollment 75,684 kids (0.7% of total pop.) 25  
% on Free or Reduced Lunch 75.7% 59  
Cumulative Promotion Index (CPI) Graduation Rate 30.0% 69  
Level of Education: % with High School Degree or Higher (2004) 76.5% 56  
Level of Education: % with Bachelor's Degree or Higher (2004) 14.3% 69  
Adult Level 1 Literacy Rate 38% 64  
State School Bus Efficiency (2002) Behind the Curve   ---
State School Bus Soot Pollution Grade C   ---
State School Bus Cleanup Program Rank (2006) Average   ---
State School Bus Smog Pollution Rank (2006) Average   ---
HOUSING & COST OF LIVING
Occupied Housing Units (2004) 181,985 units 33  
% of Owner Occupied Housing 51.5% 25  
Cost of Living: Housing 47.7 7  
Cost of Living: Utilities 125.1 56  
Cost of Living: Miscellaneous 100.4 42  
Cost of Living: Overall 85.9 20  
CIVIC ENGAGEMENT
Voter Turnout in the Election of November 2004 67.55%   10
State Voter Turnout Rate: 2002 Election 42.40%   10
State Voter Turnout Rate: 2004 Election 64.70%   36
State Volunteering Rate: 2002-2005 Combined 30.4%   24
SAFETY/SECURITY
Total Crime Rate, Incidents per 100,000 people (2004) 7,136.9 incidents per 100,000 people 44  
Violent Crime Rate, Incidents per 100,000 people (2004) 1,294.3 incidents per 100,000 people 57  
Property Crime Rate, Incidents per 100,000 people (2004) 5,842.6 incidents per 100,000 people 41  
Total Crime Rate, Incidents per 100,000 people (2003) 6,890.4 incidents per 100,000 people 40  
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(1 is best, 5 is worst) (1 is best, 72 is worst)
Detail Information Data City Rank State Rank
5 • PARKS & RECREATION OPPORTUNITIES     (metadata) (score) 4.6    
Average # of Parks, per square mile 0.5 parks per square mile 36  
Average Area Dedicated to Parks, per city square mile 24.7 park acres per city square mile 32  
Park Area per 1000 Residents, acres 6.0 acres 42  
Parkland as % of City Area 5.8% 37  
Adjusted Park Spending, per resident $64 per resident 21  
Total City Tree Canopy % 4.6% 48  
Total City Urbanized Area % 91.9% 66  
Park Programs to Assist Low-Income Park Users No ---  
Disability Advisory Committees No ---  
Collection of Data on Crime in Parks No ---  
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(1 is best, 5 is worst) (1 is best, 72 is worst)
Detail Information Data City Rank State Rank
6 • HUMAN & PUBLIC HEALTH     (metadata) (score) 3.2    
Pediatric Asthma, rate (%) (ALA 2006) 8.51% 44
Adult Asthma, rate (%) (ALA 2006) 8.70% 47
Chronic Bronchitis, rate (%) (ALA 2006) 3.29% 66
Emphysema, rate (%) (ALA 2006) 1.43% 71
Cardiovascular Disease, rate (%) (ALA 2006) 27.36% 70
Diabetes, rate (%) (ALA 2006) 5.85% 70  
% of Adults with Obesity (2001) 21.8% 36
Change in % of Adults with Obesity (1991-2001) 6.9% 7
CDC Obesity Trends U.S. Adults 1992 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Prevalence Rate (1992) 10%-14% ---
CDC Obesity Trends U.S. Adults 1997 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Prevalence Rate (1997) 15%-19% ---
CDC Obesity Trends U.S. Adults 2003 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Prevalence Rate (2003) 20%-24% ---
% of Adults Lacking Healthcare Insurance, ages 18 - 65 (2001) 11.0% 25
Infant Mortality Rate (2002) 7.9% 37
Number of Cancer Deaths per 100,000 people (2002) 208.3 42
Cost of Living: Health 112.5 47  
% of People without Health Insurance Coverage by State (2003-04 Average) 11.8% 16
% of People without Health Insurance Coverage by State (2004-05 Average) 11.9% 16
Rate of Change in People without Health Insurance Coverage, between 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 0.8% 29
Change in People without Health Insurance Coverage, between 2003-2004 and 2004-2005 0.1% 26
Number of small, local, sustainable food sources: Farms 22 farms 11
Number of small, local, sustainable food sources: Farmers' Markets 10 markets 31
Number of small, local, sustainable food sources: Restaurants 0 restaurants 37
Number of small, local, sustainable food sources: Groceries 2 grocery stores 26
Number of small, local, sustainable food sources: Other 4 other sources 16
Cost of Living: Food 107.3 48
Lung Cancer Deaths/100,000 Men (1999-2003) 79.3% 47
Lung Cancer Deaths/100,000 Women (1999-2003) 43.0% 43
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(1 is best, 5 is worst) (1 is best, 72 is worst)
Detail Information Data City Rank State Rank
7 • GLOBAL WARMING CLIMATE CHANGE     (metadata) (score)    3.1***    
Mini-Kyoto Participant, US Mayors Climate Protection Agreement (as of 10/18/06) Yes ---
Number of State and Local Net Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Programs 1 program   13
Net Metering Net Metering Offered by only one or more Individual Utilities   ---
Net Metering Residential Size Limit No Limit   1
Net Metering Commercial Size Limit No Limit   1
Completed Climate Action Plans No State Climate Action Plan   ---
Regional Initiatives No   ---
States with Greenhouse Gas Inventories Yes   ---
States with Greenhouse Gas Reporting & Registries Yes   ---
States with Public Benefit Funds Funds support Energy Effeciency   ---
States with Renewable Portfolio Standards 0%   20
Date set for Renewable Portfolio Standards (Not Available)   (Not Available)
States with Green Pricing Programs Optional   ---
States with Renewable Energy Credit Tracking Systems No   ---
States with Mandates and Incentives Promoting Ethanol None   ---
States with Residential Energy Codes State Codes with ECPA Compliance   ---
States with Commercial Energy Codes No Commercial Energy Codes   ---
Green Building Standards for State Buildings None   ---
ICLEI's Cities for Climate Protection Participant (US CCP) No ---
% of State Generation that is from Renewable sources (2003) 0.7%   47
Average percentage of possible sunshine thru 1998: Length of record (years) 54 years 18
Average percentage of Possible Sunshine: Annual 45% 56
Annual Average wind speed, m.p.h. 10.5 mph 14
January Average wind speed, m.p.h. 12.2 mph 6
July Average wind speed, m.p.h. 8.6 mph 21
Heating Degree Days 6,201 days 46
Cooling Degree Days 621 days 14
Average Relative Humidity (%), Length of record (years) 38 years 26
Annual Morning Average Relative Humidity (%) 80% 26
Annual Afternoon Average Relative Humidity (%) 62% 50
Elevation, feet 653 feet 45
 
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(1 is best, 5 is worst) (1 is best, 72 is worst)
Detail Information Data City Rank State Rank
BACKGROUND INFORMATION      
SIZE & CLASSIFICATION
City Population (2005)2 414,534 40 (of 72 in EDN study) 3.7% of state population
City Population (2000) 478,403 33 (of 72 in EDN study)  
State Population (2005)2 11,155,606 7 (of 51 in EDN study)  
General Region Midwest ---  
EPA Region 5 ---  
PHYSICAL QUALITIES
City Land Area, square miles 78.0 square miles 50 0.2% of state land area
State Land Area, square miles 40,953 square miles 35  
Watershed Name Cuyahoga ---  
Elevation, feet 653 ft. (198.6 m) 35  
Average Daily Temperature - January 25.7°F (-3.5°C) 59
Average Daily Temperature - July 71.9°F (22.2°C) 15  
DEMOGRAPHIC SUMMARY
Median Age 34.8 years 29  
18 years and older, % of population (2004) 67.1% 69  
65 years and older, % of population (2004) 11.3% 26  
Under 5 years of age 29,745 kids (7.1% of total pop.) 40  
One Race-White % (2005) 38.7% 59  
One Race - Non-white % (2005) 61.3% 14  
Hispanic or Latino, of any race % (2005) 7.7% 45  
% of Population who Speak a non-English Language at Home (2004) 12.1% 46  
Largest School District Name Cleveland Municpal School District ---  
 
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1 Use of the * within the County field indicates the city is in multiple counties. Typically the county for which the city serves as a county seat was selected.
2 Use of the * within the Population Rank Indicates year 2000 data was used since year 2004 data was not available.
3 Scores in parenthesis indicate partial scores, e.g. at least one scored indicator was not available or reported for this city.
4 SITES is an acronym developed by EDN as a summary for the 'Safety, Income, Transportation, Education and Sprawl' Topic.
 
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© 2006 Earth Day Network